Disintegrator of impact cage type



June 24, 1941. K. L. SMITH DISINTEGRATOR OF IMPACT CAGE TYPE Filed Jan. 22, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 24, 1941. K. 1.. SMITH DISINTEGR ATOR OF IMPACT CAGE TYPE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 22, 1940 rotation.

Patented June 24, 1941 S PATENT OFFICE msm'raom'ron OF IMPACT CAGE TYPE Kenneth L. ,Smith, Aurora, Ind., assignor to Stedmans Foundry & Machine Works, Aurora,

Ind., a corporation ot-Indiana Application January 22, 1940, Serial No ..3l5,033 1 claim; (01. 83-11) This invention relates to improvements in dis integrators or crushing machines of the impact cage type.

The invention is particularly directed, to a sin'- gle cage disintegrator most desirable for primary and secondary crushing of such materials as, for

example, gravel, limestone,glass cullet, cinders,:

rock asphalt, ores, clays, and'similar abrasive materials. The rotor for the single cage disin-" tegrator, as a unit, primarily consists of a pair of spaced annuli, integrally joined by a single.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the disintegrator. Flgure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 22, Figure 1.

' Figure '3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-4, Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the housing of the machine with the top and side plates and rotor removed.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the rotor of the machine.

annular row of impact bars. The unit is mounted v through a portion 01 the rotor, illustrating a modified form of impact bar.

to rotate on a horizontal axis, and in the present instance, one of the annuli for one side ofthe unit is mounted upon an annular flange of a hub extending through a side wall of the casing. The r hub is fixed to an end of a horizontal shaft journalled in bearings exterior of the casing. The I opposite side of the unit, therefore, is open to A receive the material axially into the hollow interior for impact by the bars during the rotation of the unit, and dispersed through the spacing between the. bars. The larger or heavier particles, passing the bars under the centrifugal action, are'forcibly cast against the top wall of the casing; thenceforcibly deflected against the side wall for further reduction, and the material ejected by gravity for discharging through the. open bottom of the casing.

An object of the invention is 'to provide a single cage disintegrator rotor orimpact unit of. in-

tegral single cast structure of a high wear resisting material for increased efficiency and economy H over the prevailing constructions in which the impact bars are each individually riveted to a disc and ring.

nular flange of a hub forming an end closure for the rotor against which the incoming material is directed,,and this subject to considerable wear,

I itjis therefore an objectofthe invention to line the inner side of the hub with a renewable liner plate or disc forthe area within theannulus,

which is attached to the hub. l-Thevelocity of 'the rotor impels the particles undereentrifugal force against the interiorof the casing, 'eiTecting additional breaking, and .which, to a degree, is localized, causing more wear on the casing at certain portions than others, and

i .which alters with a change in direction of rotor Another object' of the invention is to tion will be more fully apparent from a description of the accompanying drawings, in which:

' The impact unit being 'rnounted uponan an-I Referring specifically to the drawings, the ma- ",chine is comprised 01' a casing I mounted on a supporting bed 2, The bed includes a rearwardly extended portion 3 for mounting the drive shaft 4. The drive shaft is journalled at opposite ends in a pair of pillow blocks 5, 5, each fixed to a respective standard ii of a U-shaped bearing support base 1 bolted to the rearward bed portion 3. The rearward end of the drive shaft #3 extends beyond the pillow block 5, and includes a fiy-wheel or a drive pulley 8, while the opposite end projects into the rear of the casing l for mountingthe cage or rotor 9; Whenit is desired to utilize a'V-belt drive, a V-belt pulley may be secured on the drive shaft between-the pillow blocks 5, 5, in which case the drive pulley 8 functions as a fly-wheel.

drivepulleyfir 2 Y The: cage or impact unit 9 ispreferably a onepiece casting, composed of a pair of opposed conparallel relationship at suitable uniform intervals about the circumference of therings l0 and H, The case is mounted upon an annular plate for flange I3 by. meansoof a plurality of bolts, l6,

"and is centered, by-engagement over an-annular bead or lip l5 on the inner side of the face plate.

The race plate includes ahub Hi secured on the inner end of the drive shaft 9 by means of a nut it. A lining plate ll is applied over the annular plate E3 to protect'the face of the'plate and the nut it against wear.

The cage or impact unit therefore comprises a pair of. spaced annuli integrally joined by a row of uniformly spaced impact bars; the unit removably fixed to a hub providing a side closure for the cage with the hub at its inner side lined by a removable liner disc for the area within the annulus. The cage is cast ofa very wear resisting metal, as manganese steel, with comparatively large diameter impact bars capable of withstanding heavy use, insuring a long life before renewal is required. The symmetry of the unit permits it to be cast in a one-piece structure, and requires Otherwise, the machine 7 may be driven by a fiatbelt engaged over the posed to intercept the only a minimum machine finishing of one of the annull to fit the unit to the hub for rotation. The one-piece construction provides considerable economy over the prevailing built-up types in which the bars are fltted into the sustaining plates. as a ring for one side and a disc for the other, riveted, welded, or bolted in place to the plates. There is also no necessity of having the mounting axis, of the impact bars, eng ng into the plates eccentric to the circumference of the bar, in an eifort to build up the interior wearing side thereof, as is sometimes practiced in the built-up constructions to give longer life to the bars.

A packing gland I I, secured to the casing, is engaged about the hub It to seal the casing against leakage of abrasive dust, and protect the bearings. The casing. generally of rectangular form, is preferably of plate steel construction, and lined with relatively heavy plates termed liner plates for opposite sides of the casing, and breaker plates for the top and opposite ends of the casing. The casing is made up of side plates IS, IS. end plates 20, 20, and a cover plate 2|. plata include flanges 22 to which the top and side plates are secured by bolts 23. The casing is bolted to the bed 2 through the base flanges 24.

The front side of the casing is provided with an inclined feed snout 2i, communicating through an opening 26 with the interior hollow of the rotor for introducing the material axially into the open side of the cage. At the inside of the easing, surrounding the opening 2-6, a deflecting ring 21 is secured, extending telescopically through the annulus it of the cage 9 to direct all of the material introduced into the machine into the interior of the cage. The material fed into the snout drops by gravity to the bottom of the rotating cage where it is struck by the impact bars and thrown in a generally tangential path upwardly to strike the top of the casing, and thence is deflected to an end wall, from which point it drops to the discharge chute of the machine.

worn in the active areas,

striking an end .wall p r breaker plate; and

fourth, when striking am inclined end wall lower breaker plate in moving downwardly for discharge from the machine.

Should the breaker plates become excessively reversing the direction of the cage rotation will change the path of the thrown particles, directing them against the plates on the opposite side of the casing, thus The end In order to protect the interior of the casing 1 and absorb the impact of the thrown particles, as well as accommodate for wear, the interior of each wall of the casing is lined with relatively heavy sectional plates, secured to the casing by bolts 2-8. The plates covering the top and the opposite end walls of the interior of the casing, for the purpose of distinguishing the same from the plates covering or lining portions of the opposite side walls are herein termed breaker plates, as they have a part in the breaking or reducing of the material. The breaker plates 29 are disforcibly translated particles impelled by the rotor under centrifugal action in leaving the rotor after being reduced by the impact bars of the rotor and passing through the spacing between the bars. From observation of the wear of the plates, it was found when the rotor is operating in a counterclockwise direction that the greater wear occurs at points indi-' cated by the arrows, Figure 3. This indicates that the material upon leaving the rotor is thrown to strike against the right top breaker plate close to the center of the top of the casing, thence rebounding or deflecting toward and against the lower end of .the left end wall upper breaker plate, and from there glancing ofl downwardly, striking the angularly disposed lower left end wall plate 30, thereby being directed and discharged through the open bottom of the casing.

The material consequently is subjected .to four breaking impulses: flrst, when it comes in contact tric with the can be transposed materially increasing the period of service without requiring attention. It will be noted that the breaker plates-2| of the top and end walls are all of the same dimension and bolted at respectively identical points. Therefore, they are interchangeable and reversible as to their positions their usefulness, by reversing rotation of the cage, as above indicated, the plates may be reversed end for end to present the unworn areas to the path of the particles until the plates are wornv to a degree again necessitating reversal of the cage rotation.

The plates are re-arranged or replaced by removing the top or side casing plates I! or II for access to the interior of the casing, as shown in Figure 4. The cage 9 is replaced in the same manner. The bolts are conveniently removed through the hand hole 3| provided at the back of the casing for this p pose. The hand hole is normally closed by the cover plate 32.

The side walls of the casing are protected by interchangeable removable liners ll of sectional form. The liners of the rear wall are provided with a sectional guard flange or shield 34 of semicircular form to prevent the fragments of broken material from dropping between the rear wall of the casing and the rotating cage. Oppositely the liner plates for the lower half of the rear wall for the curved or arched edges thereof concenhub flange of the rotor are bevelled to direct the material inwardly.

As illustrated in Figure 6, the impact bars I! are of greater cross sectional dimension radially, materially increasing the life of the bars and the rotor. The rotor, due to its symmetrical form,

to 11:: either side to the hub.

By increasing or decreasing the rotor speed which controls graduation, the machine will produce sizes to meet practically any specifications.

The machine is admirable for crushing gravel with a percentage of soft stone in the gravel having a tendency to break down the soft stone to sand, where it can be removed leaving hard'and thoroughly crushed material to meet State highway speciflcations from a standpoint of abrasive loss. The soft stone in being reduced to a sand can readily be screened from the harder particles.

Having described my invention, I claim:

A disintegrator single cage rotor. comprising: a pair of uniform annuli joined integrally by an intervening annular row of circumferentlally equl-spaced impact bars forming an integral hollow interior unit, and an annularly flanged hub having its flange removably connected to one of the annuli for supporting the unit upon a shaft and providing an end closure therefor, the annuli providing an interchangeable connection to the hub for alternating the position of the unit upon the hub.

KENNETH L. SMITH. 

